5G is the new mobile technology everyone is waiting for. It will increase connection speeds, reduce latency, and exponentially multiply the number of connected devices . This means we’ll be connected to everything, all day long, and in the shortest possible time. But is it dangerous?
Just like other technological advancements, 5G is here to stay. Beyond the technological battles between China and the United States, the implementation of this fifth-generation mobile network will change how we communicate, multiply the capacity of information superhighways, and enable everyday objects, from refrigerators to cars, to connect with each other and with us in real time. Its deployment represents a true technological revolution that will allow, for example, remotely assisted surgical procedures like the one recently performed in Barcelona, the deployment of new fleets of autonomous vehicles, and the coordination of agricultural work through sensors installed at various points in a field.
What exactly is 5G?
The term 5G refers to the fifth generation of mobile networks . The old 1G network, the one used by those early mobile phones that only allowed voice calls, is now a thing of the past. 2G technology introduced SMS, and little by little our smartphones became increasingly versatile communication tools. First came internet connectivity (3G), and then broadband (4G), which brought with it real-time video streaming and augmented reality —something we’re now very used to, but which were completely unthinkable just a few years ago.
The use of shorter frequencies (millimeter waves between 30GHz and 300GHz) for 5G networks is the reason why 5G can be faster. According to communication principles, the lower the frequency, the greater the bandwidth.
How does it work?
A cell phone is like a two-way radio that, when you call someone and talk, or send a photo or an email , converts it into a signal that is transmitted by waves to the nearest antenna. The signal bounces from antenna to antenna until it reaches the receiver.
Each wireless transmission technology is assigned a specific frequency. Therefore, when a new technology like 5G arrives, it’s assigned a higher frequency, either because these are usually the most available or because they allow for faster data transmission . However, signals using higher frequencies don’t travel as far as those using lower frequencies, making it necessary to install new antennas to extend coverage. This is where Distributed Antenna Systems (DAS) come in. These are mini-antennas that are easy to install and have less visual impact than conventional towers.
How will 5G change the world?
Furthermore, 5G will also have a significant impact on the economy and society as a whole . This technology is expected to drive innovation and the development of new digital applications and services, which in turn will create jobs and increase the competitiveness of businesses.
In the medical field, 5G will enable advancements in telemedicine and remote patient monitoring , improving people’s quality of life and reducing healthcare costs. In transportation, the implementation of 5G will facilitate progress in autonomous driving and reduce traffic accidents.
In summary, 5G will bring significant advancements in speed, connectivity, and capacity, driving innovation and economic and social development worldwide . Despite concerns about its potential health effects, scientific studies to date have found no evidence that 5G technology is harmful to humans.
Written by: Norman Zuñiga Taborda, Project Coordinator
